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SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
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Articles 12 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December" : 12 Documents clear
Tin mining process and its effects on soils in Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia Sukarman Sukarman; Rachmat Abdul Gani; Asmarhansyah Asmarhansyah
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.37606

Abstract

Tin mining in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province is conducted with an open-pit mining system. This paper discusses the process of tin mining and its effects on soil properties in this region. Tin mining led to the formation of accumulations in the form of (1) mixed soils from horizons A, B, and C, (2) excavated materials from the deeper levels of the pit, (3) coarse-grained tailings with quartz as a primary element, (4) tailings mixed with excavated soils, and (5) voids filled with water. After tin mining ended, the area was left with waste excavated materials, stockpiles of excavated materials or tailings, and voids, spread over an area of 124,838 ha. Overall, mining has led to significant and alarming damages to the biophysical aspects of land resources and the environment. This damage includes the deterioration of soil structure, changes in soil texture, loss of soil organic matter, and loss of soil fertility. The mining activities also caused the loss of a number of types of biota that are important to provide environmental services such as the provision of forest products, soil stability, maintaining the hydrological cycle, and carbon sequestration.
Improving nitrogen fertilizer efficiency with the addition of compost extracts to kailan (Brassica oleracea L.) plants with wick hydroponic cultivation Tri Fitriani; Darwin Habinsaran Pangaribuan; Ainin Niswati; Sri Yusnaini
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.41370

Abstract

The goal of this research was to observe the impact of the application of the forms of compost extract and urea fertilizer on the development of kailan plants in the hydroponic wick method. The experiment consisted of was arranged in a completely randomized factorial design with the first element reflecting the compost type: no compost extract, cow manure compost extract, rice straw compost extract, and vermicompost extract. The second element was the use of 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1 nitrogen fertilizers. The usage of vermicompost extract shows the maximum growth (59.27 cm), amount of leaves (23.00), overall plant weight (93.92 g plant-1), canopy weight (61.37 g plant-1), dried foliage weight (7.17 g plant-1), fresh root weight (33.40 g plant-1), leaf greenness (183.80 SPAD) and nutrient uptake (6.32 g plant-1). The optimal nitrogen fertilizer application was found to be 200 kg ha-1, which culminated in the maximum plant height (42.18 cm), number of leaves (17.75), overall plant weight (60.42 g plant-1), leaf greenness (166.23 SPAD) and N uptake (3.73 g plant-1). With the addition of 100 kg of urea ha-1, vermicompost extract achieved the maximum N absorption efficiency of 112.05 per cent. The use of vermicompost extract in the production of crops with a hydroponic wick method could fulfill the nutrient requirements of plants.
Effects of light intensity and co-inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and rhizobium on root growth and nodulation of Indigofera tinctoria Maria Theresia Sri Budiastuti; Djoko Purnomo; Supriyono Supriyono; Bambang Pujiasmanto; Desy Setyaningrum
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.40065

Abstract

Indigofera tinctoria is a legume that is cultivated as a source of natural indigo dyes. As a legume, Indigofera tinctoria is capable of symbiosis with soil microbes. This study evaluates the effects of light intensity and microbial inoculation on root growth and nodulation. The study used a complete randomized block design with a split-plot pattern. Light intensity was the main plot with four levels of light intensity 100%, 50%, 25%, and 10%. Microbial inoculation was a subplot with four levels without inoculation, mycorrhizae inoculation, rhizobium inoculation, and double inoculation with both mycorrhizae and rhizobium. The results obtained show that light intensity and microbial inoculation affected root length, root fresh weight, root biomass, and the number of nodules. 50% light intensity was optimum for root length, while 100% light intensity was optimum for root fresh weight, root biomass, and a number of nodules. Root growth and nodulation were further increased with double inoculation. The combination of light intensity and microbial inoculation affected root biomass and nodulation. The combination of 100% light intensity and double inoculation resulted in the highest root biomass and nodule numbers. Mycorrhizae and rhizobium have a synergistic relationship to nodulation and root growth. Double inoculation with mycorrhizae and rhizobium efficiently increased root biomass and the number of nodules under low or high light intensity.
Controls on the net dissolved organic carbon production in tropical peat Siti Nurzakiah; Atang Sutandi; Supiandi Sabiham; Gunawan Djajakirana; Untung Sudadi
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.45123

Abstract

Soil factors such as pH and the presence of polyvalent cations can influence the net production of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). This study aimed to determine the main factors that control net DOC production. The study was conducted at Buatan Village, Siak Indrapura Regency, Riau Province, Indonesia. Soil and water sampling were done every month for a year observation, from July 2018 to June 2019. Soil sampling was carried out to determine the concentration of C-organic acids, pH, N, P, K, Cu, and soil water content (SWC). Peat water sampling was carried out using modified pore water sampling to measure DOC concentration. Groundwater level (GWL) and soil temperature were also observed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to find out the soil and environmental factors controlling the net DOC production. The results showed that the net DOC production fluctuated with seasonal changes and soil pH was a significant controlling factor (P = 0.035) and positively correlated (P = 0.040) to the net DOC production. In addition, N-mineral, PO4, and Cu were positively correlated with net DOC production (P-value: 0.026; 0.033; and 0.028; respectively) while C-organic acids and SWC were negatively correlated (P-value: 0.033; and 0.020; respectively). There was no correlation between net DOC production with GWL, soil temperature, and K concentration. This finding confirmed that pH was the main factor controlling the net DOC production and reflects DOC contribution to the solution acidity.
Methane flux from high-yielding Inpari rice varieties in Central Java, Indonesia Anicetus Wihardjaka; Eni Yulianingsih; Hesti Yulianingrum
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.42729

Abstract

Rice cultivation is a source of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane (CH4). One of the factors that affect CH4 emissions from rice fields is rice cultivar. In this study, a field experiment was conducted to determine CH4 emissions from various high-yielding inbred varieties and the relationship between CH4 emissions and rice growth parameters. The field experiment was conducted in Jaken, Pati Regency, Central Java province, during the wet season of 2014/2015. The experiment was arranged using a randomized block design with three replications and several cultivar treatments (Inpari 13, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 29, 30, 31, 32, and 33, with Ciherang as the comparison cultivar). The data collected includes CH4 flux, plant height, tiller number, biomass, grain yield, and root aerenchyma area. The CH4 flux was measured at several critical growth stages. The Inpari 24, Inpari 13, and Inpari 19 demonstrated CH4 emissions reduced by as much as 36.1%, 32.8%, and 21.3%, respectively, compared to Ciherang. The Inpari 13 and Inpari 24 varieties had significantly lower emission indices than Ciherang and the other Inpari varieties, with 17 and 20 g CH4 per 1 kg grain yield, respectively. CH4 flux was found to correlate significantly with tiller number per hill, total biomass, and root aerenchyma area at the panicle initiation growth stage.
Using Soil Quality Index Plus to assess soil conditions and limiting factors for dryland farming Latief Mahir Rachman
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.46889

Abstract

Agriculture 3.0 and Agriculture 4.0 requires appropriate agricultural practices, including soil data that are practical, accurate, and easy to understand. Using soil type maps and land suitability class maps for soil information not only challenges users but also does not provide soil quality information such as production potential and plant growth and production inhibitors. Other techniques that can provide more appropriate soil information for agricultural purposes are thus needed. This research suggests the soil assessment system Soil Quality Index Plus, which provides accessible information regarding soil conditions and plant growth and production inhibitors in the context of dryland farming. Field trials were conducted in 36 locations across five regencies in West Java, Indonesia. Soil Quality Index Plus accurately assessed soil quality by using 11 key parameters as a dataset: effective depth, texture class, bulk density, drainage, pH, cation exchange capacity, total organic nitrogen, available phosphate, exchangeable potassium, aluminum saturation, and total carbon organic. The majority of the soils studied were classified as medium soil quality, with low organic carbon being the most common limiting factor. Improved fertilizer management, especially the use of organic fertilizers, phosphate- and nitrogen-based fertilizers, and agricultural lime should be implemented in particular areas.
Role and perspective of Azotobacter in crops production Reginawanti Hindersah; Nadia Nuraniya Kamaluddin; Suman Samanta; Saon Banerjee; Sarita Sarkar
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.45130

Abstract

Low nitrogen content in soil is usually overcome by chemical fertilization. After long application period, high-dose and intensive use of N fertilizers can cause ammonia volatilization and nitrates accumulation in soil. In sustainable agriculture, the use of bacterial inoculant integrated with nutrient management system has a role in soil health and productivity. Azotobacter-based biofertilizer is suggested as a chemical nitrogen fertilizer substitute or addition in crop production to improve available nutrients in the soil, provide some metabolites during plant growth, and minimize fertilizer doses. The objective of this literature reviewed paper is to discuss the role of Azotobacter in agriculture; and the prospective of Azotobacter to increase yield and substitute the chemical fertilizer in food crops production. The results revealed that mechanisms by Azotobacter in plant growth enhancement are as biofertilizer, biostimulant, and bioprotectant. Nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter is the mechanism to provide available nitrogen for uptake by roots. Azotobacter stimulates plant growth through phytohormones synthesis; indole acetic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins are detected in the liquid culture of Azotobacter. An indirect effect of Azotobacter is exopolysaccharide production and plant protection. Inoculation of Azotobacter in the field integrated with organic matter and reduced chemical fertilizer are reported to improve plant growth and yield.
Silicon (Si) and salinity stress on the agronomic performances of bok choy (Brassica rappa L.) in an Entisols Kharisun Kharisun; Mochammad Nazarudin Budiono; Nur Prihatiningsih; Ratri Noorhidayah; Ningsih Lamorunga
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.37827

Abstract

Silicon is a beneficial nutrient that has the potential to alleviate the abiotic stress of bok choy grown under salinity stress on entisols. Indonesia has wide areas of entisol soils along its coastline, which could be planted with bok choy. However, salinity conditions pose a problem in entisol soils. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of silicon on the agronomic performance of bok choy grown on an Entisols under salinity stress conditions. This research was conducted at the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, from May to August 2019. The experimental design was a completely randomized completely block design (RCBD) consisting of 16 treatments with three replications. The treatments comprised two factors: the dosage of silicon fertilizer, which was 0, 5, 10, or 15 g pot-1; and salinity stress, with a level of 0, 1, 2, or 3 dS m-1 pot-1. Observed variables included plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), leaf area (cm2), fresh shoot weight (g), dry shoot weight (g), fresh root weight (g), dry root weight (g), fresh plant weight (g), and dry plant weight (g). The results showed that the provision of silicon (Si) fertilizer from zeolite and sugarcane bagasse compost (SCB) improved plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, fresh plant weight, and dry plant weight of bok choy plants under salinity stress conditions on entisol soil. At a silicon dosage of 10 g pot-1, fresh plant weight (production of bok choy) was 64.18% greater compared to the control. Increasing soil salinity up to 3 dS m-1 of soil decreased the plant height and number of leaves but did not significantly affect fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh plant weight, dry fresh plant weight, fresh root weight, or dry root weight.
Soil fertility status and sweet potato cultivation in composted mounds under humid lowland tropical climatic conditions Patrick S. Michael
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.43426

Abstract

The importance of organic matter addition in composted mounds in terms of nutrients status, nutrient uptake, and environmental impact under different climatic conditions need to be studied. This study was conducted to assess the importance of Cogon grass materials addition as organic matter in composted mounds used for sweet potato cultivation on selected sandy loam soil properties under humid lowland, tropical climatic conditions. A replicated trial with four treatments with or without organic matter or sweet potato plants was set in a completely randomized design. After 6 months, soil samples were collected from two profiles in each treatment and analyzed for selected soil physiochemical properties. Data collected from each profile was pooled, averages taken, and statistically analyzed. The results showed organic matter addition increased water holding capacity and electrical conductivity, lowered soil bulk density, pH, and soil organic carbon content. Cultivation of sweet potato in soil with or without organic matter amendment, in general, depleted nitrogen, potassium, and magnesium contents and increased phosphorous availability. This study showed the addition of Cogon grass materials as organic matter in composted mounds has implications for the production of sweet potato in sandy loam soil in the tropics.
Characteristics of Inceptisols derived from basaltic andesite from several locations in volcanic landform Rufaidah Qonita Muslim; Pronika Kricella; Mira Media Pratamaningsih; Setiyo Purwanto; Erna Suryani; Sofyan Ritung
SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology Vol 17, No 2 (2020): December
Publisher : Universitas Sebelas Maret

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20961/stjssa.v17i2.38221

Abstract

The widespread of Inceptisols in Indonesia especially in volcanic landform has the characteristics potentially to be used as agricultural land. This study aimed to identify the characteristics of Inceptisols found in volcanic landform developed from basaltic andesite parent materials. Soil samples were collected in 6 locations. A total of 23 samples were taken from each horizon from 6 pedons for physical, chemical, and mineral analysis. The results showed that Inceptisols had different colors depending on land use and mineral content, but were dominated by yellowish brown to dark brown with hue 7.5YR to 10YR, color value varied from 2.5 to 4, and croma varied from 1 to 6. Base saturation varied from low to very high, cation exchange capacity varied from low to high. Soil textures were dominated by clay, clay loam, and sandy loam. Three pedons in Purwakarta, Bandung Barat, and Jember Regency, Java Island were dominated by weatherable minerals, while the others obtained in Seluma, Rejang Lebong, and Ogan Komering Ulu Selatan Regency, Sumatera Island were dominated by resistant minerals such as opaque and quartz. Physical, chemical, and mineral content can be used as a reference in soil management and recommendation for balanced fertilization.

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